Hard disk shortage causes price of common pc repair to soar

Hard disk shortage,PC Repair,hard drive repairAn increasing number of Iowans are finding an unpredicted relationship between surges in Thailand and the price of a typical pc repair.

The cost laptop or computer hard disk drives have skyrocketed because industrial facilities in Thailand, where most of the world’s way to obtain hard disk drives and internal hard disk components originate, were heavily broken by surges that started at the end of This summer.

“Some current hard disk drives are constructed with unobtainium,” quipped Randy Hill, who owns RAHM Corporation., a Marion computer diagnostic and mechanic shop. He stated the cost of 500 gigabyte and more compact hard disk drives convey more than bending within the last two several weeks, and a few of the bigger hard disk drives happen to be “very hard” to locate.

A 500 gigabyte hard disk that cost $70 to $80 to exchange prior to the ton now might cost $133, Hill stated.

Hard disk drives are among the most generally changed computer components.

“If something fails on your pc, it’s usually your hard disk since it’s an analog item ?a it sits there and spins,”stated Dork Lengthy, leader of Area Electronic Recovery in Walford. The organization resells functioning hard disk drives it receives for recycling on eBay after reconditioning them and wiping the information.

Because the shortage started, Lengthy stated purchasers have clicked up nearly every large amount of refurbished hard disk drives the organization placed up from eBay, specially the SATA hard disk drives required for more recent computer systems. The organization has additionally fielded many email queries from regular purchasers searching for hard disk drives.

Hill stated computer shops and merchants typically never carry large inventories of hard disk drives simply because they would rapidly become outdated by technological developments. Prices had generally been decreasing, leading to clients and suppliers to shake their heads when prices all of a sudden bolted up.

The hard disk shortage hasn’t made a dent within the accessibility to new computer systems. Which has transformed the “repair or replace” equation for a lot of computer customers who coping a unsuccessful hard disk, stated Andrew Lehman of R.J. Enders Computer systems in Cedar plank Rapids, which both repairs and develops new computer systems.

“Normally, a hard disk alternative with (data) reload is $175 to $200, “stated Lehman, a specialist. “Now, it’s $250 to $300, and also at $300, you may not are interested a brand new computer or repair that old one?”

Zack Knorr, who owns Computer Paradise in Cedar plank Rapids, agreed. He stated marketing prices of recent computer systems throughout the holidays may be shifting the repair or replace balance toward the “replace” option. He stated the ratio continues to be roughly “50-50” lately between your two options whenever a unsuccessful hard disk was involved.

Computer producers happen to be impacted by the hard disk shortage, but less than repair shops because hard disk makers generally have supply contracts using the producers they recognition first.

Best To Buy is really a leading store of laptop and pcs. Chad Manley, product process manager at Best To Buy in Waterloo, stated supplies happen to be “somewhat limited, but fine typically.” He stated laptop inventories happen to be relatively untouched, and they’re the most popular selling category.

Pc repair companies report relatively couple of cases by which specific hard disk models are entirely not available, even though some stated the amount they might order was limited.

Researching the market firm IDC has indicated probably the most painful duration of shortage is going to be through Feb 2012, even though hard disk inventory situation might not be normal again until 2013, based on a study this month in Computerworld, a number one trade publication.

Western Digital was the hard disk manufacturer affected most by Thailand flooding. It’s predicted a global shortage of 60 million hard disk drives within the final quarter of 2011.

Most of the top PC makers have cautioned since October that they may be limited within their production rates by difficulty acquiring hard disk drives. They incorporated Hewlett-Packard, Dell, Lenovo and Acer. Apple Corp., a number one supplier of microprocessors for Computers, also needs orders because of its items to become affected because PC makers is going to be creating less models.

The development downturn hasn’t had a lot of an impact on among the area’s biggest purchasers of computer systems, the College of Iowa. The UI has lengthy-term supply contracts for pcs and servers, UI speaker Nicole Riehl stated, safeguarding it from alterations in prices. She stated delivery dates on some products have ended up, however the delays haven’t yet triggered any major trouble for the college.

“Long-term, we don’t understand what the impact is going to be,” Riehl stated. “It will rely on producers capability to get production look out onto meet demand – in Thailand or elsewhere.”

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Some typical malfunctions of hard drives and methods of their repair

Always to make repairing hard drive it is necessary to use special complicated eqipments, but sometimes you need desoldering station and programmator only. In the last part of our descriptive survey we would like to address some typical malfunctions of hard drives and methods of their repair.

 As we have mentioned in our previous articles devoted to problems with hard disk drives, a drive consists of 2 main parts: a mechanical part (heads-and-disk assembly) and electronics (control printed circuit board). Those two components are supplemented with internal firmware, which is partially stored in ROM on PCB and partially resides within firmware zone of a drive (that latter portion is loaded to RAM of HDD microcontroller during its initialization). Those three components interact very closely and normal HDD operation is possible only when all of them function properly. Consequently a drive malfunction may result with equal probability from failure of any of the mentioned components, and that can be observed in real life. Moreover, in various HDD models from different manufacturers the frequency and degree of damage to different components is not the same. When a HDD has to be repaired in conditions offered by a regular (not specialized) laboratory we have to decline some repair orders. In the first place, it pertains to the repair of HDD mechanics – HDA, secondly – to the service data in the firmware area of a drive.

 The difficulty of HDA repair is connected, first of all, with exceptional purity of air contained under normal pressure inside the case (no more than 100 dust particles per 1 cubic meter of air). Opening a case in usual premises or in common laboratory conditions will inevitably lead to dust penetration inside (in usual rooms 1 cubic meter of air contains approximately 600 dust particles) and that is sure to cause damage to precise mechanics. Few companies, which perform repair of drive mechanics use in their work special clean rooms or clean worktables (tables equipped with a special “aquarium” with sleeves inside for performance of necessary work). Besides, a whole set of specialized tools is required including T type screwdrivers (from T9 to T3), hex screwdrivers, mounting supports that allow hard fixing of a HDA for work on it as well as various lifters for heads’ blocks in HDDs of different types. We should add to the above list requirements to engineering personnel who have to perform such jobs. The people should be accurate, move precisely and certainly they should have experience. One incorrect motion with a tool or a finger touch to magnetic disks will render drive repair impossible at once or will make it more complicated at least by order of magnitude. It is because of those pitfalls that most companies possessing specialized equipment for HDD repair do not undertake to perform works related to their mechanical parts.

 The simplest drive repair consists in restoration of software modules in its firmware zone. Corruption of modules is one of three possible HDD malfunctions rendering a drive inoperable although all mechanical and electronic parts remain completely intact. As a rule, a drive with such defect is not visible in computer BIOS and any attempt to access it ends with an ABRT error (the command cannot be executed). Repair of such malfunctions requires just overwriting of the corrupted module; the drive will become operational again. The procedure takes 5-10 minutes on the average. However, that seeming simplicity of the solution hides its complicated implementation. As a matter of fact, module recording is possible only in a special factory mode of drive operation. A drive is switched into that mode by special commands (the so-called key) which differ not only with various manufacturers, but also for different drive families of one manufacturer and those commands are kept secret. Firmware structure may also be very different. Modules can be overwritten with copies obtained from identical models and taking into account firmware version and module type. We should also mention that incorrect module overwriting or recording of an incompatible module version may damage a drive once and for all. Thus, for example, erroneous recording of a configuration module with information about the number of magnetic heads may result in firmware attempt to address a non-existent head during initialization at drive power-up. The drive at that will begin to knock endlessly hitting its positioner against the limiting stop and at last it will damage its magnetic surfaces if it is not switched off in time. But after the next power-up the problem will recur. Therefore operations over firmware zone should be as careful and accurate as actions over drive mechanics, i.e. HDA. That is why drive manufacturers password-protect and keep secret access to it. Thus, with all the simplicity of repair for drives with damaged firmware data, such procedures are not possible without special software and frequently even without a whole hardware and software complex. In addition to the actual technological utilities a host of which may be included into such complex (an individual utility exists for each drive family) users need documentation – clear methodology of testing and restoration for failing firmware zone, which is also individual for each drive. High cost of such equipment does not allow everyone to purchase it, so we shall describe the methods of HDD repair, which do not require specialized tools, devices and software.

 One of the basic principles for any repair reads “do not make it any worse”, that is why it is important to perform accurate diagnostics of malfunction and, probably, refuse to repair that drive and send the customer to a specialized service centre, if the malfunction is caused by the HDD mechanics or corrupted firmware data. As an example we shall discuss the analysis of a very widely spread malfunction – “HDD knocking”.

 If at power-up a drive produces periodic knocking sounds (hitting its positioner against the limiting stop), it means that the drive is unable to read servo information from disks’ surfaces. There may be a lot of reasons for that:

  • malfunctioning magnetic heads;
  • malfunctioning preamplifier/commutator located inside HDA in the immediate vicinity of the heads;
  • malfunctioning PCB, namely:
  •  – reading/data conversion channel;
     – positioner controller microchip;
     – supply circuits (stabilizers, filters, generators of negative voltages).

     In addition to the above list, such malfunction may be caused by incorrect recording of firmware modules, when a non-existent head is selected and, as a result, the stream of servo data is missing. Precise diagnostics of that malfunction is complicated and difficult even for an experienced specialist in HDD repair, but still there are a few tricks that can simplify the task a little. First of all, you will need to identify where the cause of malfunction is located – is it in HDA or control board. To do so, remove the drive’s PCB and replace it with a known good board from the same model with an identical firmware version. We should note that it is not possible for all models, recent Seagate models and Fujitsu MPG3xxxAT drives keep in ROM unique adaptive parameters and during PCB swap the original ROM should also be swapped. If knocking stops and the drive reports on readiness, then you should check the board for the cause of malfunctions. If the drive keeps knocking with a known good board, the cause of malfunction is inside HDA and in that case it is time to give up repair. Under no circumstances should you open the HDA just to see what has happened inside. Most likely you will not see any visible faults but the damage from opening will be considerable. Thus, of all the possible types of HDD malfunctions only repair of electronics board can be recommended for a regular laboratory without special equipment.

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