Data Backup! Data Disasters Happen Every Day

databackupEarthquakes, tornadoes, floods, and tsunamis. While recent natural disasters may remind business leaders about the importance of continuity plans, most CEOs may not realize that data disasters occur every day, and the repercussions can be devastating.

Data backup is easily one of the most critical elements of a complete disaster recovery plan. For example, a 2009 study by MetaGroup cited that just 6% of businesses survive catastrophic data loss.

A 2007 MetaGroup study found that only 3% of data losses occur due to natural disasters; 97% are due to mechanical failure or human error, both of which are far more common. Fortunately, the preparation for both types of disasters is much the same.

In planning for disaster recovery, CEOs should consider five important questions:

What systems and information are absolutely critical to running your business day-to-day? Emails? Accounting data? Customer records? All of the above?

Understanding what data is mission-critical may just save your business in a disaster. Evaluating the importance of your data will help determine what needs to be quickly accessible and what isn’t as critical, which will help you control data storage costs.

How long could you operate without that data before your business suffered? A few hours? A day? Several days?

Data backed up to tape rather than a cloud-based platform could take several days to be restored. There’s no reason to wait that long today with solutions that allow you to recover data within minutes.

When is your data backed up? Multiple times a day? Every day?

Understand approximately how many hours’ worth of data you risk losing.

Where and how is your backup data stored? On site? Off site? Out of market?

Data should be backed up in multiple locations, including somewhere out of the area. If your city were flooded, tapes stored at your office or even elsewhere in your same city might prove worthless. The best bet for many business owners is a solution that allows you to back up your encrypted data via the cloud, safely, to locations off-site and out of the area.

Who will retrieve your data in the event of a loss?

In a natural disaster, your key personnel may be wearing several hats. Have a specific person designated for data recovery. Even better, choose a company that will manage your data recovery for you, lifting that burden from your shoulders.

Bottom line: Businesses with continuity plans outlining where they will go and what equipment they will use may be ahead of the game, but if they don’t know how they will recover their data, those plans won’t really matter.

Gayle Rose is founder and CEO of Electronic Vaulting Services, a cloud backup and recovery company.

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Storage Server Data Disasters – Common Scenarios (Part I)

When a data loss occurs on something as valuable as a server, it is essential to the life of your business to get back up and running as soon as possible.

Here is a sampling of specific types of disasters accompanied with actual engineering notes from recent Remote Data Recovery jobs:

Causes of partition/volume/file system corruption disasters:
•    Corrupted file system due to system crash
•    File system damaged to automatic volume repair utilities
•    File system corruption due partition/volume resizing utilities
•    Corrupt volume management settings

Case study
Severe damage to partition/volume information to Windows 2000 workstation; had used 3rd party recovery software – didn’t work, reinstalled OS but was looking for 2nd partition/volume, found it and it was a 100% recovery.
Evaluation time: 46 minutes (evaluation time represents the time it takes to evaluate the problem, make necessary file system changes to access data, and to report on all of the directories and files that can be recovered)

Causes of specific file error disasters:
•    Corrupted business system database; file system is fine
•    Corrupted message database; file system is fine
•    Corrupted user files

Case study
Windows 2000 server, volume repair tool damaged file system; target directories unavailable. Complete access to original files critical. Remote data recovery safely repaired volume; restored original data, 100% recovery.
Evaluation time: 20 minutes

Exchange 2000 server, severely corrupted information store; corruption cause unknown. Scanned information store file for valid user mailboxes, results took up to 48 hours due to the corruption. Backup was one month old/not valid for users.
Evaluation time: 96 hours (1.5 days)

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Storage Server Data Disasters – Common Scenarios (Part II)

Possible causes of hardware related disasters:
•    Server hardware upgrades (storage controller firmware, BIOS, RAID firmware)
•    Expanding storage array capacity by adding larger drives to controller
•    Failed array controller
•    Failed drive on storage array
•    Multiple failed drives on storage array
•    Storage array failure but drives are working
•    Failed boot drive
•    Migration to new storage array system

Case study
Netware volume server, Traditional NWFS, failing hard drive made volume inaccessible; Netware would not mount volume. Errors on hard drive were not in the data area and drive was still functional. Copied all of the data to another volume; 100% recovery.
Evaluation time: 1 hour

Causes of software related disasters:
•    Business system software upgrades (service packs, patches to business system)
•    Anti-virus software deleted/truncated suspect file in error and data has been deleted, overwritten or both

Case study
Partial drive copy overwrite using third party tools, overwrite started and then crashed 1% into the process, found a large portion of the original data. Rebuilt file system, provided reports on recoverable data; customer will be requiring that we test some files to verify quality of recovery.
Evaluation time: 1 hour

Causes of user error disasters:
•    During a data loss disaster, restored backup data to exact location, thereby overwriting it
•    Deleted files
•    Overwritten operating system with reinstall of OS or application software

Case study
User’s machine had the OS reinstalled – restore CD was used; user looking for Outlook PST file. Searched for PST data through the drive because original file system completely overwritten. Found three potential files that might contain the user’s data, after using PST recovery tools we found one of those files to contain all of the user’s email; there were missing messages, majority of the messages/attachments came back.
Evaluation time: 5 hours

Causes of operating system related disasters:
•    Server OS upgrades (service packs, patches to OS)
•    Migration to different OS

Case study
Netware traditional, 2TB volume, damage to file system when trying to expand size of volume, repaired on drive, volume mountable. Evaluation time: 4 hours

When a data loss occurs on something as valuable as a server, it is essential to the life of your business to get back up and running as soon as possible.

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Students how to protect against laptop data disasters?

Many students will be packing laptop computers in addition to the usual school supplies. It’s clear that laptop computers are quickly becoming a vital part of the scholastic experience, however with more laptops in use comes more danger for data loss.

Laptop computers are an excellent way for today’s students to manage their workload, but protecting the data on those computers isn’t as simple as securing a notebook in a locker. Students need to be careful with their laptops to avoid both physical damage and other problems that could affect the integrity of their data. If problems do occur, it’s also important they know that data recovery is always an option.

To help students protect against laptop data disasters, there are some tips:

Laptops are not as rugged as many like to think. When laptops are being docked, moved or transported, the greatest of care should be taken to prevent unnecessary shock or impact. Set up your computer in a dry, cool, controlled environment that is clean and dust-free. Placing your computer in a low-traffic area will protect your system and storage media from harmful jarring or bumping.

Use a sturdy, well padded laptop bag – Using just a back-pack or brief-case may not provide the protection a laptop needs during transportation. Make sure your laptop has plenty of built-in padding for protection.

Backup your data regularly – Creating regular backups is one of the most effective ways to protect you from losing data. Back up data at least once a week on a reliable medium (CD, DVD, USB flash drives or Internet backup), always verifying that the correct data is backed up.

Run a virus scan and update it regularly – Computer viruses are one of the worst enemies to your computer. Good anti-virus software tests your system for sequences of code unique to each known computer virus and eliminates the infecting invader. Also beware of spyware, a common problem brought about by Web surfing and downloads that can cause complications with your computer’s efficiency. There are several programs available on the internet that can assist with the removal of most spyware programs.

Be aware of strange noises – If you hear a strange noise or grinding sound, turn off your computer immediately and call an expert. Further operation may damage your hard drive beyond repair.

Do not use file recovery software if you suspect an electrical or mechanical failure – Using file recovery software on a faulty hard drive may destroy what was otherwise recoverable data or worsen the physical failure.

Use Auto-Save features – Most software applications have Auto-Save features that will save the project or document you have open at a preset intervals. For laptop users, a good time interval to use is every 5 minutes.

Be battery-level aware – If you are going to be using the laptop for long hours, be sure to try and find an electrical outlet to plug into. Some laptops will shut down quickly when a specific low battery level is reached and important documents may be lost.

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